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The American National Standards Institute
(ANSI) has served in its capacity as administrator
and coordinator of the United States private
sector voluntary standardization system for
more than 80 years. Founded in 1918 by five
engineering societies and three government
agencies,the Institute remains a private,
non-profit membership organization supported
by a diverse constituency of private and public
sector organizations. |
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Throughout its history, the ANSI Federation has
maintained as its primary goal the enhancement of
global competitiveness of U.S. business and the
American quality of life by promoting and facilitating
voluntary consensus standards and conformity assessment
systems and promoting their integrity. The Institute
represents the interests of its nearly 1,000 company,
organization, government agency, institutional and
international members through its office in New
York City, and its headquarter in Washington, D.C. |
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ANSI does not itself develop American National Standards
(ANSs); rather it facilitates development by establishing
consensus among qualified groups. The Institute
ensures that its guiding principles -- consensus,
due process and openness -- are followed by the
more than 175 distinct entities currently accredited
under one of the Federation's three methods of accreditation
(organization, committee or canvass). In 1999 alone
the number of American National Standards increased
by nearly 5.5% to a new total of 14,650 approved
ANS. ANSI-accredited developers are committed to
supporting the development of national and, in many
cases international standards, addressing the critical
trends of technological innovation, marketplace
globalization and regulatory reform. |
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ANSI promotes the use of U.S. standards internationally,
advocates U.S. policy and technical positions in
international and regional standards organizations,
and encourages the adoption of international standards
as national standards where these meet the needs
of the user community. |
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ANSI is the sole U.S. representative and dues-paying
member of the two major non-treaty international
standards organizations, the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO), and, via the U.S. National
Committee (USNC), the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC). |
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ANSI was a founding member of the ISO and plays
an active role in its governance. ANSI is one of
five permanent members to the governing ISO Council,
and one of four permanent members of ISO's Technical
Management Board. U.S. participation, through the
U.S. National Committee, is equally strong in the
IEC. The USNC is one of 12 members on the IEC's
governing Committee of Action and the current president
of the IEC is from the United States. |
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Through ANSI, the United States has immediate access
to the ISO and IEC standards development processes.
ANSI participates in almost the entire technical
program of both the ISO (78% of all ISO technical
committees) and the IEC (91% of all IEC technical
committees) and administers many key committees
and subgroups (16% in the ISO; 17% in the IEC) .
As part of its responsibilities as the U.S. member
body to the ISO and the IEC, ANSI accredits U.S.
Technical Advisory Groups (U.S. TAGs) or USNC Technical
Advisors (TAs). The U.S. TAG's (or TA's) primary
purpose is to develop and transmit, via ANSI, U.S.
positions on activities and ballots of the international
technical committee. |
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In many instances, U.S. standards are taken forward,
through ANSI or its USNC, to the ISO or IEC where
they are adopted in whole or in part as international
standards. Since the work of international technical
committees is carried out by volunteers from industry
and government, not ANSI staff, the success of these
efforts often is dependent upon the willingness
of U.S. industry and the U.S. government to commit
the resources required to ensure strong U.S. technical
participation in the international standards process. |
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结构化布线标准的变化发展是多种因素推动的结果。这其中包括： |
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- 新的高速网络标准的制定实施，如千兆以太网
- 额外的测试要求，例如时延偏离、回波损耗、综合近端串扰（PSNEXT）和等效远端串扰（ELFEXT）
- 电缆和元件设计上的改进
- 认识到非屏蔽和屏蔽双绞线电缆设计上的性能差异
- 电磁辐射对数据和环境的影响
- 北美、欧洲和其它市场对链路定义和电缆性能要求统一的渴望
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